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A crozier on the coat of arms of Basel, Switzerland which was ruled by Prince-Bishops during the Middle Ages. A crozier or crosier (also known as a paterissa, pastoral staff, or bishop's staff) [1] is a stylized staff that is a symbol of the governing office of a bishop or abbot and is carried by high-ranking prelates of Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox ...
Their own sources, and mention of them in non-Crosier sources, usually call them "the Brethren of the Holy Cross," and the French and English words used for them, Croisiers and Crosiers, are derived from the French "croisé", [7] one of the words used for a crusader, and meaning "marked with a cross."
In English custom and in the Anglican Churches, two crosiers are often found crossed in saltire behind the shield. [58] [59] [49] In the Lutheran Church of Sweden, the crosier is displayed in the arms of bishops, while the arms of the Archbishop of Uppsala and the Bishop of Lund show a latin cross and a crosier in saltire.
The Crosiers [1] or Brethren of the Cross [2] [3] or crutched friars [4] is a general name for several loosely related Catholic orders, mostly canons regular. [4] Their names derive from their devotion to the Holy Cross. They were founded in the 12th and 13th centuries, during the era of the crusades in the Holy Land. [2]
Sometime around the late 13th century the crook was encased in the Coigreach (or Quigrich), a crosier-shrine of similar size and form built as a protective case for the crook, [85] and made from silver, gold and rock crystal and dates from the late 13th century, with additions from the 14th or 15th centuries.
The papal ferula (/ ˈ f ɛr əl ə /; Latin ferula, 'rod') is the pastoral staff used in the Catholic Church by the pope.It is a rod with a knob on top surmounted by a cross. It differs from a crosier, the staff carried by other Latin Church bishops, which is curved or bent at the top in the style of a shepherd's crook.
The word cross is recorded in 11th-century Old English as cros, exclusively for the instrument of Christ's crucifixion, replacing the native Old English word rood.The word's history is complicated; it appears to have entered English from Old Irish, possibly via Old Norse, ultimately from the Latin crux (or its accusative crucem and its genitive crucis), "stake, cross".
The Kells Crozier was made by various craftsmen over three different phases between the late 9th and 11th century AD. [2] While the core of the crozier is wooden, the crook is made of silver and the staff is covered in a copper alloy sheet which was later covered with silver mounts or knobs filled with animal interlace typical of the period. [3]