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Methanesulfonyl chloride is mainly used to give methanesulfonates by its reaction with alcohols in the presence of a non-nucleophilic base. [8] In contrast to the formation of toluenesulfonates from alcohols and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of pyridine, the formation of methanesulfonates is believed to proceed via a mechanism wherein methanesulfonyl chloride first undergoes an ...
Passage of hydrogen chloride through molten Ms 2 O yields MsCl. [3] Similar to MsCl, Ms 2 O can perform mesylation of alcohols to form sulfonates. Use of Ms 2 O avoids the alkyl chloride, which often appears as a side-product when MsCl is used. [4] Unlike MsCl, Ms 2 O may not be suitable for mesylation of the unsaturated alcohols. [5]
Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 SO 2. It is also known by several other names including methyl sulfone and (especially in alternative medicine) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). [4] This colorless solid features the sulfonyl functional group and is the simplest of the sulfones. It is relatively inert ...
In chemistry, a sulfonyl halide consists of a sulfonyl (>S(=O) 2) group singly bonded to a halogen atom. They have the general formula RSO 2 X, where X is a halogen.The stability of sulfonyl halides decreases in the order fluorides > chlorides > bromides > iodides, all four types being well known.
Desulfonylation reactions are chemical reactions leading to the removal of a sulfonyl group from organic compounds. As the sulfonyl functional group is electron -withdrawing, [ 1 ] methods for cleaving the sulfur –carbon bonds of sulfones are typically reductive in nature.
It is based on a direct reaction between methane and oleum at around 50 °C and 100 bar in the presence of a potassium persulfate initiator. [10] Further addition of sulfur trioxide gives methanedisulfonic acid instead. [11] This technology was acquired and commercialized by BASF in 2019. [12]
Treatment of sulfur with hydrogen gives hydrogen sulfide.When dissolved in water, hydrogen sulfide is mildly acidic: [5] H 2 S ⇌ HS − + H +. Hydrogen sulfide gas and the hydrosulfide anion are extremely toxic to mammals, due to their inhibition of the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin and certain cytochromes in a manner analogous to cyanide and azide.
For example, OH − is a better nucleophile than water, and I − is a better nucleophile than Br − (in polar protic solvents). In a polar aprotic solvent, nucleophilicity increases up a column of the periodic table as there is no hydrogen bonding between the solvent and nucleophile; in this case nucleophilicity mirrors basicity.