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[8] [9] The Pandya dynasty is the longest ruling dynasty in the world. [10] [11] The rulers of the three Tamil dynasties were referred to as the "three crowned rulers (the mu-ventar) of the Tamil Region" [7] [12] in the southern part of India. The origin and the timeline of the Pandya dynasty are difficult to establish. [9]
According to a legend found in the Tamil text Tiruvilaiyadal Puranam, the childless Malayadhvaja Pandya and his wife perform ninety-nine ashvamedha yajnas to propitiate the gods, seeking a son for the succession. [2] However, a three-year-old girl emerged from the yajna fire, bearing three breasts, upon the lap of the queen.
Jayantavarman (r. c. 654–670 CE), known in Tamil as Seliyan Sendan,(Tamil:செழியன் சேந்தன்) was a Pandya ruler of early historic south India. He is best known for extending the Pandya rule to the Chera country . [1] He was succeeded by his son Maravarman Arikesari Parankusan. [2]
Velvikkudi Grant describes the Pandya foray in to the Ganga kingdom (a vassal of the Chalukyas). [8] [6] It says that the Western Chalukya king was defeated by the Pandya king in a battle at Venbai. Subsequently, a Ganga princess was offered in marriage to a Pandya prince (a son of the Pandya king).
[3] [5] According to the Lankan sources, the invading king had allied himself with a rebel Pandya prince. [11] Army commanders of Sena II installed prince Varaguna II on the Pandya throne. Srimara Srivallabha The king of the Pandyas fled from the field of battle on the back of an elephant, and gave up his life in the wrong place. [11]
Tenkasi Pandyas were the Pandya kings from Sadaavarman Parakrama Pandya to his successors who ruled with Tenkasi as their capital. [4] With the invasion of the Sultanates , Vijayanagaras , and Nayakars from the fourteenth century onwards, the Pandyas lost their traditional capital of Madurai and shifted to cities like Tenkasi and Tirunelveli ...
The Cheras were another prominent dynasty during the Sangam Age in South India, alongside the Cholas and the Pandyas. The Chera kingdom, located in present-day Kerala and Kongu Nadu, had a significant impact on trade, economy, and cultural exchange during that time.
The Early Pandyas of the Sangam period were one of the three main kingdoms of the Tamilakam (southern India), the other two being the Cholas, and Cheras dynasty. As with many other kingdoms around this period (earlier than 200 BCE), most of the information about the Early Pandyas come to modern historians mainly through literary sources and some epigraphic, archaeological and numismatic evidence.