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Calcium chloride was apparently discovered in the 15th century but wasn't studied properly until the 18th century. [11] It was historically called "fixed sal ammoniac" (Latin: sal ammoniacum fixum [12]) because it was synthesized during the distillation of ammonium chloride with lime and was nonvolatile (while the former appeared to sublime); in more modern times (18th-19th cc.) it was called ...
An example SDS, including guidance for handling a hazardous substance and information on its composition and properties. A safety data sheet (SDS), [1] material safety data sheet (MSDS), or product safety data sheet (PSDS) is a document that lists information relating to occupational safety and health for the use of various substances and products.
Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used to sanitize public swimming pools and disinfect drinking water. Generally the commercial substances are sold with a purity of 65% to 73% with other chemicals present, such as calcium chloride and calcium carbonate, resulting from the manufacturing process.
A 1966 US patent claims that stable solid sodium hypochlorite dihydrate NaOCl·2H 2 O can be obtained by carefully excluding chloride ions (Cl −), which are present in the output of common manufacturing processes and are said to catalyze the decomposition of hypochlorite into chlorate (ClO − 3) and chloride. In one test, the dihydrate was ...
In 1901, Ferdinand Eduard Polzeniusz patented a process that converts calcium carbide to calcium cyanamide in the presence of 10% calcium chloride at 700 °C. The advantage of this reaction temperature (lower by about 400 °C), however, must be weighed against the large amount of calcium chloride required and the discontinuous process control.
Isopropyl chloride can be easily produced in the lab by reacting concentrated hydrochloric acid with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of a calcium chloride or zinc chloride catalyst. The common ratio of alcohol to acid to catalyst is 1:2:1 using 30% HCl and near pure isopropyl alcohol.
Hypochlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cl O H, also written as HClO, HOCl, or ClHO. [2] [3] Its structure is H−O−Cl.It is an acid that forms when chlorine dissolves in water, and itself partially dissociates, forming a hypochlorite anion, ClO −.
Calcium formate is separated from the solution, heat treated to remove formaldehyde and then dried. [5] Calcium formate can also be made from calcium hydroxide and carbon monoxide at high pressure and temperature [2] – e.g., at 180 °C and 35 atm. [10] It may also be made from calcium chloride and formic acid. [2]