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Jupiter (Latin: Iūpiter or Iuppiter, [6] from Proto-Italic *djous "day, sky" + *patēr "father", thus "sky father" Greek: Δίας or Ζεύς), [7] also known as Jove (nom. and gen. Iovis), is the god of the sky and thunder, and king of the gods in ancient Roman religion and mythology.
The most ancient known rites, those of the spolia opima and of the fetials, connect Jupiter with Mars and Quirinus, and are dedicated to Iuppiter Feretrius or Iuppiter Lapis. [3] From this earliest period, the concept of the sky god encompassed the ethical and political domain.
In the Roman tradition, oaths were sworn upon Iuppiter Lapis or the Jupiter Stone located in the Temple of Jupiter, Capitoline Hill. Iuppiter Lapis was held in the Roman tradition to be an Oath Stone, an aspect of Jupiter in his role as divine lawmaker responsible for order and used principally for the investiture of the oathtaking of office.
In the Roman tradition, oaths were sworn upon Iuppiter Lapis or the Jupiter Stone located in the Temple of Jupiter, Capitoline Hill. Iuppiter Lapis was held in the Roman tradition to be an Oath Stone, an aspect of Jupiter in his role as divine law-maker responsible for order and used principally for the investiture of the oathtaking of office.
In ancient Roman religion, Dius Fidius (less often as Dius Fidus) was a god of oaths associated with Jupiter.His name was thought to be related to Fides. [1]Fidius may be an earlier form for filius, "son", [2] with the name Dius Fidius originally referring to Hercules as a son of Jupiter. [3]
The Dii Consentes, also known as Di or Dei Consentes (once Dii Complices [1]), or The Harmonious Gods, is an ancient list of twelve major deities, six gods and six goddesses, in the pantheon of Ancient Rome.
The temple was believed to have been built under the reign of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the last King of Rome prior to the establishment of the Roman Republic. Although the temple was shared by Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, each deity had a separate cella, with Juno Regina on the left, Minerva on the right, and Jupiter Optimus Maximus in the middle.
Written sources [3] locate the temple just in front of the gate of the Palatine Hill leading to the Sacred Way. For example, Ovid (Fasti 6.794) mentions the temple of Stator "which Romulus once founded in front of the mouth of the Palatine Hill" (quam Romulus olim ante Palatini condidit ora iugi).