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By the 2010s, the product was found in the US market under the name FONDAG cement (FOND Aluminous Aggregate), sometimes referred to as ALAG (ALuminous AGgregate). FONDAG cement is a mix of up to 40 percent alumina, and is stable at high temperatures and thermal cycling from −184–1,093 °C (−300–2,000 °F; 89–1,400 K; 160–2,500 °R ...
Calcium aluminates can form complex salts in combination with different types of anions.Two series of calcium aluminates are known in cement chemistry: AFm and AFt phases, being respectively mono- or tri-substituted with a given divalent anion X (e.g. SO 2− 4, CO 2− 3, or hosting a divalent impurity such as SeO 2− 4 [3]...), or with two units of a monovalent anion, e.g. OH −, Cl − ...
AFm form inter alia when tricalcium aluminate 3CaO·Al 2 O 3, or C 3 A in CCN, reacts with dissolved calcium sulfate (CaSO 4), or calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). As the sulfate form is the dominant one in AFm phases in the hardened cement paste (HCP) in concrete, AFm is often simply referred to as Aluminate Ferrite monosulfate or calcium aluminate ...
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calcium aluminate hydrates, such as calcium aluminium garnet (hydrogrossular: C 4 AH 13 or C 3 AH 6 in cement chemist notation, hardness 7.0 to 7.5 on Mohs scale); [57] or in combination with silica, to form strätlingite (Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 · 8H 2 O or C 2 ASH 8 in cement chemist notation), which geologically can form as xenoliths in basalt as ...
Dicalcium aluminate, 2CaO·Al 2 O 3 (C 2 A), which exists only at pressures above 2500 MPa. [7] The crystal is orthorhombic , with density 3480 kg·m −3 . The natural dicalcium aluminate, brownmillerite, may form at normal pressure but elevated temperature in pyrometamorphic zones, e.g., in burning coal-mining heaps.
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Cement hydration and strength development mainly depend on two silicate phases: tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) , and dicalcium silicate (C 2 S) . [1] Upon hydration, the main reaction products are calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) and calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2, written as CH in the cement chemist notation. C-S-H is the phase playing the role of ...