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According to Healthline, there are eight sugar alcohols humans can consume — erythritol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, isomalt, lactitol, mannitol, maltitol, sorbitol and xylitol.
Maltitol is a sugar alcohol (a polyol) used as a sugar substitute and laxative. It has 75–90% of the sweetness of sucrose (table sugar) and nearly identical properties, except for browning . It is used to replace table sugar because it is half as calorific , does not promote tooth decay, and has a somewhat lesser effect on blood glucose .
Maltitol. Mannitol. Isomalt. Lactitol. Sugar alcohols can still enter the bloodstream and raise blood glucose levels, but not as much as sugar, the experts note. Other plant- or fruit-based sweeteners
Maltitol is particularly demonized regarding gastric side effects because it is so easy for food producers to use it in vast quantities (due to its amazingly sugar-like properties) so consumers often end up consuming far more than they could most other sugar alcohols.
Sugar alcohols can be, and often are, produced from renewable resources.Particular feedstocks are starch, cellulose and hemicellulose; the main conversion technologies use H 2 as the reagent: hydrogenolysis, i.e. the cleavage of C−O single bonds, converting polymers to smaller molecules, and hydrogenation of C=O double bonds, converting sugars to sugar alcohols.
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The following year, the French chemist M. G. Bertrand isolated xylitol syrup by processing wheat and oat straw. [9] Sugar rationing during World War II led to an interest in sugar substitutes. Interest in xylitol and other polyols became intense, leading to their characterization and manufacturing methods. [10] [11]
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