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Although Plato had been Aristotle's teacher, most of Plato's writings were not translated into Latin until over 200 years after Aristotle. [7] In the Middle Ages, the only book of Plato in general circulation was the first part of the dialogue Timaeus (to 53c), as a translation, with commentary, by Calcidius (or Chalcidius). [7]
Pupil of Socrates. Aristippus of Cyrene (c. 440 – 366 BC). A Cyrenaic. Advocate of ethical hedonism. Xenophon (c. 427 – 355 BC). Historian. Plato (c. 427 – 347 BC). Famed for view of the transcendental forms. Advocated polity governed by philosophers. Diogenes of Apollonia (c. 425 – c 350 BC). Cosmologist. Speusippus (c. 408 – 339 BC ...
Along with his teacher Socrates, and his student Aristotle, Plato is a central figure in the history of Western philosophy. [ b ] Plato's complete works are believed to have survived for over 2,400 years—unlike that of nearly all of his contemporaries. [ 5 ]
There is a widespread assumption that Socrates was an ironist, mostly based on the depiction of Socrates by Plato and Aristotle. [111] Socrates's irony is so subtle and slightly humorous that it often leaves the reader wondering if Socrates is making an intentional pun. [112] Plato's Euthyphro is filled with Socratic irony. The story begins ...
The philosophy of Socrates (469–399 BCE) and Plato (427–347 BCE) built on Presocratic philosophy but also introduced significant changes in focus and methodology. Socrates did not write anything himself, and his influence is largely due to the impact he made on his contemporaries, particularly through his approach to philosophical inquiry.
Plato is known to have freely borrowed some of his allegories and metaphors from older traditions, as he did with the story of Gyges. [12] This led a number of scholars to suggest possible inspiration of Atlantis from Egyptian records of the Thera eruption , [ 13 ] [ 14 ] the Sea Peoples invasion, [ 15 ] or the Trojan War . [ 16 ]
Plato's student Aristotle in turn criticized and built upon the doctrines he ascribed to Socrates and Plato, forming the foundation of Aristotelianism. Antisthenes founded the school that would come to be known as Cynicism and accused Plato of distorting Socrates' teachings. Zeno of Citium in turn adapted the ethics of Cynicism to articulate ...
Plato (Ancient Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn; c. 428/427 – c. 348/347 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, the second of the trio of ancient Greeks including Socrates and Aristotle credited with laying the philosophical foundations of Western culture. [1] Little can be known about Plato's early life and education due to the very limited ...