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In digital circuits, a high impedance (also known as hi-Z, tri-stated, or floating) output is not being driven to any defined logic level by the output circuit. The signal is neither driven to a logical high nor low level; this third condition leads to the description "tri-stated". [ 1 ]
Log-periodic antennas are arrays invented in 1952 and commonly seen as TV antennas. This was long before Mandelbrot coined the word fractal in 1975. [4] Some authors (for instance Cohen) [5] consider log-periodic antennas to be an early form of fractal antenna due to their infinite self similarity at all scales.
This Z antenna tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is smaller than a standard antenna with comparable properties. Its high efficiency is derived from the "Z element" inside the square that acts as a metamaterial, greatly boosting the radiated signal. The square is 30 millimeters on a side.
If a given area is covered by many distributed antenna elements rather than a single antenna, then the total radiated power is reduced by approximately a factor N 1–n/2 and the power per antenna is reduced by a factor N n/2 where a simple power-law path-loss model with path-loss exponent n is assumed.
This is a particular problem for receivers located in depressions and valleys. Normally the upper edge of the landform acts as a knife-edge and causes the signal to diffract downwards. VHF signals will be seen by antennas in the valley, whereas UHF bends about 1 ⁄ 10 as much, and far less signal will be received. The same effect also makes ...
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Since a greater number of highly directive antennas can be placed in a given area, the net result is greater frequency reuse, and higher density of users. The high usable channel capacity in this band might allow it to serve some applications that would otherwise use fiber-optic communication or very short links such as for the interconnect of ...
Golf has a ratings problem, and the Masters could shine a light on why viewers are tuning out. PAUL NEWBERRY. April 11, 2024 at 6:00 AM. AUGUSTA, Ga. (AP) — Golf has a ratings problem.