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A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth. The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. [1] If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result will be a volcanic eruption ...
Christmas Mountains caldera complex. Coordinates: 29.4304°N 103.4358°W. The Christmas Mountains caldera complex is a caldera complex located in the Christmas Mountains in Big Bend National Park in western Texas. [1] It is the oldest such complex preserved in Texas [2] and is the type example of a laccocaldera [1] (eruptive laccolith [3]).
Phreatic eruption at the summit of Mount St. Helens, Washington, in the spring of 1980. A phreatic eruption, also called a phreatic explosion, ultravulcanian eruption or steam-blast eruption, [1] occurs when magma heats ground water or surface water. The extreme temperature of the magma (anywhere from 500 to 1,170 °C (930 to 2,100 °F)) causes ...
The Soufrière Hills is an active, complex stratovolcano with many lava domes forming its summit on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. After a long period of dormancy, the Soufrière Hills volcano became active in 1995 and continued to erupt through 2010. [3] Its last eruption was in 2013. [2] Its eruptions have rendered more than half of ...
Volcanic crater. A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. [1] It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent ...
Magmatism. Geological map showing the Gangdese batholith, which is a product of magmatic activity about 100 million years ago. Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks. It does so through magmatic activity or igneous activity, the production ...
The magma that would normally fill the chamber and become sealed is believed to have drained away, to the bewilderment of scientists, revealing the rift beneath the surface. [4] In August 2015, the members of the Icelandic band Kaleo and fourteen support staff descended into the volcano's magma chamber and recorded a live rendition of the band ...
Zazu was hanging out in his new pasture when his caretaker surprised him with a visit from Lightning. "We just took Lightning in as a lease horse," they explained in the footage. The two ...