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Policies and legislation. On September 11, 2019, Spain declared a climate emergency. [41] In 2021, the Spanish parliament approved a law on climate change and energy transition that calls for a 23% reduction of emissions by 2030 (compared to 1990 levels) and carbon neutrality by 2050.
The climate of Spain is highly diverse and varies considerably across the country's various regions. Spain is a very climatically diverse country, sometimes described as the most varied in Europe, [1] and has 13 different Köppen climates. [2][3][4] The four most dominant climates in the country include: The hot-summer Mediterranean climate ...
The cold climate is present between 2,000 and 3,000 meters (6,562 and 9,843 ft) above sea level and is characterized for having Andean or cloud forests. This altitudinal zone is characterized for presenting an average temperature ranging between 10 and 17 °C (50.0 and 62.6 °F) while rainfall reaches a yearly average of 2,000 mm (78.7 in).
The highest natural ground surface temperature ever recorded may have been an alleged reading of 93.9 °C (201.0 °F) at Furnace Creek, California, United States, on 15 July 1972. [7] In 2011, a ground temperature of 84 °C (183.2 °F) was recorded in Port Sudan, Sudan. [8] The theoretical maximum possible ground surface temperature has been ...
The Southern Oscillation is the atmospheric component of El Niño. This component is an oscillation in surface air pressure between the tropical eastern and the western Pacific Ocean waters. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation is a single climate phenomenon that periodically fluctuates between three phases: Neutral, La Niña or El Niño. [ 12 ]
Guadalajara (/ ˌ ɡ w ɑː d əl ə ˈ h ɑːr ə / GWAH-də-lə-HAR-ə; [6] Spanish: [ɡwaðalaˈxaɾa] ⓘ) is a city in western Mexico and the capital of the state of Jalisco.According to the 2020 census, the city has a population of 1,385,629 people, making it the 8th most populous city in Mexico, while the Guadalajara metropolitan area has a population of 5,268,642 people, [7] [8] making ...
Altitude map of Tenerife, with the highest altitude (Mount Teide) in blue and the lowest (sea level) in black. Tenerife (/ ˌ t ɛ n ə ˈ r iː f / TEN-ə-REEF; Spanish: [teneˈɾife] ⓘ; formerly spelled Teneriffe) is the largest and most populous island of the Canary Islands. [4] It is home to 42.9% of the total population of the ...
During autumn and winter the temperature drops, and is slightly lower than 10 °C (50 °F). The temperature may even drop to 0 °C (32 °F), especially during the morning. The historic low of −6.8 °C (20 °F) was in July 1976. [42] Santiago's location within a watershed is one of the most important factors determining the climate of the city.