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A typical residential water meter A typical residential digital electric submeter Before submetering, many landlords either included the utility cost in the bulk price of the rent or lease , or divided the utility usage among the tenants in some way such as equally, by square footage via allocation methods often called RUBS (Ratio Utility ...
The open metering system of the Open Metering System Group e.V. stands for a manufacturer- and media-independent standardization for Meter-Bus (M-Bus) based communication between utility meters (electricity, gas, water, thermal energy), submetering (cold/hot water, thermal energy, heat cost allocators), and systems in the field of smart meters.
North American domestic analog (Ferraris disk) electricity meter. Electricity meter with transparent plastic case (Israel) An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, energy meter, or kilowatt-hour meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically powered device over a time interval.
Schematic representation of measurement categories. Measurement category is a method of classification by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) [1] of live electric circuits used in measurement and testing of installations and equipment, usually in the relation within a building (residential or industrial).
Net metering originated in the United States, where small wind turbines and solar panels were connected to the electrical grid, and consumers wanted to be able to use the electricity generated at a different time or date from when it was generated.
Automatic meter reading (AMR) is the technology of automatically collecting consumption, diagnostic, and status data from water meter or energy metering devices (gas, electric) and transferring that data to a central database for billing, troubleshooting, and analyzing. This technology mainly saves utility providers the expense of periodic ...
The early AC electric multiple units were referred to by a two-letter code. This was adapted for the DC third-rail system that was adopted by the Southern Railway, with units being given a three-letter code (sometimes two letters) prefixed by the number of cars in each unit, e.g. 4SUB for a four-car suburban unit.
It aims to allow application software to exchange information about an electrical network. [1] It has been officially adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The CIM is currently maintained as a UML model. [2] It defines a common vocabulary and basic ontology. CIM models the network itself using the 'wires model'.