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According to the DSM-5 there are 3 major categories of bipolar disorder: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Bipolar Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Just as in adults, bipolar I is the most severe form of PBD in children and adolescents, and can impair sleep, general function, and lead to hospitalization. [ 2 ]
The global prevalence of bipolar disorder is estimated to be between 1–5% of the world's population. [11] While the causes of this mood disorder are not clearly understood, both genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. [4] Genetic factors may account for up to 70–90% of the risk of developing bipolar disorder.
Bipolar disorders fall in between depressive disorders and schizophrenia spectrum and related disorders "in recognition of their place as a bridge between the two diagnostic classes in terms of symptomatology, family history and genetics" (Ref. 1, p 123). [43] Bipolar disorders underwent a few changes in the DSM-5, most notably the addition of ...
BD-NOS is a mood disorder and one of four subtypes on the bipolar spectrum, which also includes bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymia. [1] BD-NOS was a classification in the DSM-IV and has since been changed to Bipolar "Other Specified" and "Unspecified" in the 2013 released DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [2]
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an international standard diagnostic classification for a wide variety of health conditions. The ICD-10 states that mental disorder is "not an exact term", although is generally used "...to imply the existence of a clinically recognisable set of symptoms or behaviours associated in most cases with distress and with interference with ...
Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood. The altered mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania , depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.
The global estimated lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder among adults range from 1 to 3 percent. [63] The annual incidence is estimated to vary from 0.3 to 1.2 percent worldwide. [ 23 ] According to the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, the lifetime prevalence of BP-II was found to be 0.4%, with a 12-month prevalence of 0.3%. [ 64 ]