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Shear thinning in a polymeric system: dependence of apparent viscosity on shear rate. η 0 is the zero shear rate viscosity and η ∞ is the infinite shear viscosity plateau. At both sufficiently high and very low shear rates, viscosity of a polymer system is independent of the shear rate.
The shear rate for a fluid flowing between two parallel plates, one moving at a constant speed and the other one stationary (Couette flow), is defined by. where: γ ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {\gamma }}} is the shear rate, measured in reciprocal seconds; v is the velocity of the moving plate, measured in meters per second; h is the distance ...
The apparent viscosity of a dilatant fluid is higher when measured at a higher shear rate (η 4 is higher than η 3), while the apparent viscosity of a Bingham plastic is lower (η 2 is lower than η 1). In fluid mechanics, apparent viscosity (sometimes denoted η) [1] is the shear stress applied to a fluid divided by the shear rate:
As such, the viscosity of blood varies with shear rate. Blood becomes less viscous at high shear rates like those experienced with increased flow such as during exercise or in peak-systole. Therefore, blood is a shear-thinning fluid. Contrarily, blood viscosity increases when shear rate goes down with increased vessel diameters or with low flow ...
Dilatant. A dilatant (/ daɪˈleɪtənt /, / dɪ -/) (also termed shear thickening[1]) material is one in which viscosity increases with the rate of shear strain. Such a shear thickening fluid, also known by the initialism STF, is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid. This behaviour is usually not observed in pure materials, but can occur in ...
e. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. [1] For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of "thickness": for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. [2] Viscosity is defined scientifically as a force multiplied by a time divided by an area.
Shear stress (often denoted by τ, Greek: tau) is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. It arises from the shear force, the component of force vector parallel to the material cross section. Normal stress, on the other hand, arises from the force vector component perpendicular to the material cross section on which it acts.
A Newtonian fluid is a power-law fluid with a behaviour index of 1, where the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear rate: = These fluids have a constant viscosity, μ, across all shear rates and include many of the most common fluids, such as water, most aqueous solutions, oils, corn syrup, glycerine, air and other gases.