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There were three general types of money in the colonies of British America: the specie (coins), printed paper money and trade-based commodity money. [2] Commodity money was used when cash (coins and paper money) were scarce. Commodities such as tobacco, beaver skins, and wampum, served as money at various times in many locations. [3]
Before European contact, strings of wampum were used for storytelling, ceremonial gifts, and recording important treaties and historical events, such as the Two Row Wampum Treaty [2] [3] and the Hiawatha Belt. Wampum was also used by the northeastern Indigenous tribes as a means of exchange, [4] strung together in lengths for convenience. The ...
The Two Row Wampum Treaty, also known as Guswenta or Kaswentha and as the Tawagonshi Agreement of 1613 or the Tawagonshi Treaty, is a mutual treaty agreement, made in 1613 between representatives of the Five Nations of the Haudenosaunee (or Iroquois) and representatives of the Dutch government in what is now upstate New York. [1]
The 1764 Treaty of Fort Niagara is one of the first treaty agreements made between First Nations and The Crown.It is a notable example of The Crown's recognition of Indigenous sovereignty in the years preceding the American Revolution.
The Governor, Louis de Buade de Frontenac, gradually saw the value of the paper currency and agreed to the expanded use, but as time went by, the use of card money contributed to a rise of inflation. In 1717, the colonial government withdrew all card money from circulation, redeeming the cards at 50% of their face value, and burning the cards.
True, he was shrewd and often ruthless in pursuing political power, but he was always pleasant and affable to the public and to his colleagues. (Van Buren Boys T-shirts can be found on numerous ...
The political union incorporated many political elements from other local confederacies like the Iroquois and Huron, the role of wampum council conduct being a major example. This political unit allowed for the safe passage of people through each of their territories (including camping and subsisting on the land), safer trade networks from the ...
As the official keeper of the wampum records of the Haudenosaunee, [5] [6] he was described as being a "conservative" leader who closely followed the traditional customs of his people. Although Buck did not speak the language, he gave lengthy interviews with English-speaking historians in an effort to preserve Haudenosaunee culture. [ 1 ]