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Kilmainham Gaol housed prisoners during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21) and many of the anti-treaty forces during the civil war period. Charles Stewart Parnell was imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol, along with most of his parliamentary colleagues, in 1881-82 when he signed the Kilmainham Treaty with William Gladstone. [22]
Messages were sent from Kilmainham Gaol to each prison stating that all internees would end the strike together. [41] The day after the end of the strike (24 November 1923) more than 500 prisoners were released from prisons across Ireland.
Memorial to the Republican insurgents executed by Free State forces at Ballyseedy, County Kerry, designed by Yann Goulet Plaque in Kilmainham Jail for the four Anti-Treaty IRA executed on 17 November 1922. The executions during the Irish Civil War took place during the guerrilla phase of the Irish Civil War (June 1922 – May 1923).
A corridor in Kilmainham Gaol. By 11 January 1924, O'Malley had been the last anti-treaty inmate moved from Kilmainham Gaol. He was transferred to St Bricin's military hospital, thence to Mountjoy Prison where at first he spent some time in the hospital wing.
Teeling was the only Bloody Sunday participant to be captured at the scene. He was court martialled in January 1921, was sentenced to hang, and was held at Kilmainham Gaol. On the night of the 15 February he escaped from Kilmainham Gaol along with Ernie O'Malley and Simon Donnelly. [4]
Following the prisoner escape by Frank Teeling from Kilmainham Jail on 14 February, the Under Secretary James MacMahon hastily arranged, under curfew, for the transfer of 24 high risk prisoners including Conway to Mountjoy Jail during the night of 16 February 1921.
The government of the Irish Free State banned the organisation in January 1923 and opened up Kilmainham Jail as a detention prison for suspect women. In February 1923, 23 women members of Cumann na mBan went on hunger strike for 34 days over the arrest and imprisonment without trial of Irish republican prisoners (see 1923 Irish Hunger Strikes).
Transferred to Kilmainham Gaol, he was told on Sunday 7 May that he was to be shot the following morning. He wrote no fewer than ten letters during his time in prison. During this time in detention, he did not allow any visits from his family; writing to his sister, he said a visit "would grieve us both too much". [13]