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  2. Chemical potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_potential

    The phrase "chemical potential" sometimes means "total chemical potential", but that is not universal. [13] In some fields, in particular electrochemistry, semiconductor physics, and solid-state physics, the term "chemical potential" means internal chemical potential, while the term electrochemical potential is used to mean total chemical ...

  3. Electroanalytical methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroanalytical_methods

    Potentiometry passively measures the potential of a solution between two electrodes, affecting the solution very little in the process. One electrode is called the reference electrode and has a constant potential, while the other one is an indicator electrode whose potential changes with the sample's composition. Therefore, the difference in ...

  4. Zeta potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeta_potential

    Zeta potential is a scientific term for electrokinetic potential [1] [2] in colloidal dispersions. In the colloidal chemistry literature, it is usually denoted using the Greek letter zeta (ζ), hence ζ-potential. The usual units are volts (V) or, more commonly, millivolts (mV).

  5. Electrochemical potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_potential

    In electrochemistry, the electrochemical potential of electrons (or any other species) is the total potential, including both the (internal, nonelectrical) chemical potential and the electric potential, and is by definition constant across a device in equilibrium, whereas the chemical potential of electrons is equal to the electrochemical ...

  6. Conjugate variables (thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_variables...

    The number of particles is, like volume and entropy, the displacement variable in a conjugate pair. The generalized force component of this pair is the chemical potential. The chemical potential may be thought of as a force which, when imbalanced, pushes an exchange of particles, either with the surroundings, or between phases inside the system.

  7. Potentiometric titration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometric_titration

    This changes the potential very slowly until the amount of reducing substance becomes very small. A large change in potential will occur then once a small addition of the titrating solution is added, as the final amounts of reducing agent are removed and the potential corresponds solely to the oxidizing agent.

  8. Voltammetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltammetry

    A quantitative, analytical method for trace analysis of anions. A positive potential is applied, oxidizing the mercury electrode and forming insoluble precipitates of the anions. A negative potential then reduces (strips) the deposited film into solution. [15] Adsorptive stripping voltammetry: A quantitative, analytical method for trace analysis.

  9. Nernst equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nernst_equation

    In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is a chemical thermodynamical relationship that permits the calculation of the reduction potential of a reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) from the standard electrode potential, absolute temperature, the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing ...