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The maximum stomach volume in adults is between 2 and 4 litres, [5] [6] although volumes of up to 15 litres have been observed in extreme circumstances. [ 7 ] Sections
A normal stomach can stretch, sometimes to over 1000 mL, while the pouch of the gastric bypass may be 15 mL in size. The gastric bypass pouch is usually formed from the part of the stomach that is least susceptible to stretching. That, and its small original size, prevents any significant long-term change in pouch volume.
The stomach is a distensible organ and can normally expand to hold about one litre of food. [22] This expansion is enabled by a series of gastric folds in the inner walls of the stomach. The stomach of a newborn baby will only be able to expand to retain about 30 ml.
A purpose of the gastric rugae is to allow for expansion of the stomach after the consumption of foods and liquids. This expansion increases the volume of the stomach to hold larger amounts of food. The folds also result in greater surface area, allowing the stomach to absorb nutrients more quickly.
This allows the stomach to expand, therefore increasing the volume of the stomach without increasing pressure. [2] They also provide the stomach with an increased surface area for nutrient absorption during digestion. [2] Gastric folds may be seen during esophagogastroduodenoscopy or in radiological studies. [3] [4]
Inflated balloons reduce the operative volume capacity of the stomach. While the typical gastric volume is about 900 ml, an inflated balloon may take up most of the space, about 700 (+/-100) ml. Availability and costs
Gastric plication significantly reduces the volume of the patient's stomach, so smaller amounts of food provide a feeling of satiety. [74] In a 2020 review and meta-analysis, long-term weight loss was not as durable as other, more common bariatric techniques. [ 74 ]
Whilst the muscularis externa is similar throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract, an exception is the stomach which has an additional inner oblique muscular layer to aid with grinding and mixing of food. The muscularis externa of the stomach is composed of the inner oblique layer, middle circular layer, and the outer longitudinal layer.