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The United States circuit courts were the intermediate level courts of the United States federal court system from 1789 until 1912. They were established by the Judiciary Act of 1789 , [ 1 ] and had trial court jurisdiction over civil suits of diversity jurisdiction and major federal crimes.
Established on December 10, 1869, by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891: Sawyer: CA: 1891 McKenna: CA: 1892–1897 Morrow: CA: 1897–1923 Rudkin: WA: 1923–1931 Garrecht: WA: 1933–1948 Pope: MT ...
Up until this time, circuit courts were normally only staffed by district judges and Supreme Court justices "riding circuit". The salary of the circuit court judgeships created was set at $5,000 (equivalent to $114,450 in 2023) a year.
The Judicial Circuits Act of 1866 (ch. 210, 14 Stat. 209) reorganized the United States circuit courts and provided for the gradual elimination of several seats on the Supreme Court of the United States. [1] It was signed into law on July 23, 1866, by President Andrew Johnson. It in effect denied him the opportunity of appointing any justices ...
In Washington, there are several state courts. Judges are elected and serve four-year or six-year terms. Most judges first come to office when the governor of Washington appoints them after a vacancy is created – either by the death, resignation, retirement, or removal of a sitting judge, or when a new seat on the bench is created by the Washington State Legislature.
When the courts of appeals were created in 1891, one was created for each of the nine circuits then existing, and each court was named the "United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the _____ Circuit". When a court of appeals was created for the District of Columbia in 1893, it was named the "Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia", and ...
Initially, the court was not within any existing judicial circuit, and appeals from the court were taken directly to the United States Supreme Court. In 1837, Congress created the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, placing it in Chicago, Illinois and giving it jurisdiction over the District of Illinois, 5 Stat. 176. [19]
Courts of Washington include: State courts of Washington. The headquarters of the Washington Supreme Court in Olympia. Washington Supreme Court [1] Washington Court of Appeals (3 divisions) [2] Washington Superior Courts (39 courts of general jurisdiction, one for each county) [3] Washington District Courts (Courts of limited jurisdiction) [4]