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Humans did not intend to domesticate animals from, or at least they did not envision a domesticated animal resulting from, either the commensal or prey pathways. In both of these cases, humans became entangled with these species as the relationship between them, and the human role in their survival and reproduction, intensified. [ 7 ]
The dog is a classic example of a domestic animal that likely traveled a commensal pathway into domestication. [2] [38] The dog was the first domesticant, and was domesticated and widely established across Eurasia before the end of the Pleistocene, well before cultivation or the domestication of other animals. [38]
SEE ALSO: Meet the happiest animal on Earth. 14-30,000 BC: Dogs. 8500 BC: Sheep and Cats. 8000 BC: Goats. 7000 BC: Pigs and Cattle. 6000 BC: Chickens. Check out these furry animals: 5000 BC ...
Domestication is a gradual process, so there is no precise moment in the history of a given species when it can be considered to have become fully domesticated. Zooarchaeology has identified three classes of animal domesticates: Pets (dogs, cats, ferrets, hamsters, etc.) Livestock (cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, etc.)
The domestication of animals and plants was triggered by the climatic and environmental changes that occurred after the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum and which continue to this present day. These changes made obtaining food by hunting and gathering difficult. [12] The first animal to be domesticated was the dog at least 15,000 years ago. [1]
The dog is a domestic animal that likely travelled a commensal pathway into domestication (i.e. humans initially neither benefitted nor were harmed by wild dogs eating refuse from their camps). [23] [26] The questions of when and where dogs were first domesticated remains uncertain. [20]
The history of the domestic sheep goes back to between 11,000 and 9,000 BCE, and the domestication of the wild mouflon in ancient Mesopotamia. Sheep are among the first animals to have been domesticated by humans. These sheep were primarily raised for meat, milk, and skins.
The evidence is disputed by archaeozoologist Williams T. Taylor, who argues that domestication did not take place until around 2000 BC. [7] Genetic evidence indicates that domestication of the modern horse's ancestors likely occurred in an area known as the Volga–Don, in the Pontic–Caspian steppe region of eastern Europe, around