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The future of peace, justice and democracy in both East Timor and Indonesia depends on holding the highest-level perpetrators accountable. [260] In 2005, the Indonesia-Timor Leste Commission of Truth and Friendship was set up with the goal of establishing the truth relating to crimes under the occupation, and healing divisions between the ...
Later, Indonesian Foreign Minister Ali Alatas reiterated this position in his 2006 memoir The Pebble in the Shoe: The Diplomatic Struggle for East Timor. [71] The island's original division into east and west, Indonesia argued after the invasion, was "the result of colonial oppression" enforced by the Portuguese and Dutch imperial powers.
The flags of East Timor and the United Nations on Independence Day 2014. East Timor independence formally occurred on 20 May 2002. [1] East Timor as occupied by Indonesia for 24 years from 1976 to 1999, a period during which many observers consider a genocide to have taken place.
Australia, a close neighbour of both Indonesia and East Timor, was the only country to recognise Indonesia's annexation of East Timor. [1] Some members of the Australian public supported self-determination for East Timor, [2] and also actively supported the independence movement within Australia. [2]
On 16 December 1975 Indonesia annexed Oecusse, [4] and on 17 December 1975 Indonesia established the Provisional Government of East Timor. The whole of East Timor was formally annexed on 17 July 1976. [3]: 68 The Indonesian invasion of East Timor received international condemnation, and led to the severance of diplomatic ties with Portugal.
East Timor (Indonesian: Timor Timur) was a province of Indonesia between 1976 and 1999, during the Indonesian occupation of the country. Its territory corresponded to the previous Portuguese Timor and to the present-day independent country of East Timor. From 1702 to 1975, East Timor was an overseas territory of Portugal, called "Portuguese Timor".
Indonesia and Portugal announced on 5 May 1999 that a vote would be held allowing the people of East Timor to choose between the autonomy plan or independence. The vote, to be administered by the United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET), was originally scheduled for 8 August but later postponed until 30 August.
An international East Timor solidarity movement arose in response to the 1975 invasion of East Timor by Indonesia and the occupation that followed. The movement was supported by churches, human rights groups, and peace campaigners, but developed its own organisations and infrastructure in many countries.