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Chemical structure of the vinyl functional group. In organic chemistry, a vinyl group (abbr. Vi; [1] IUPAC name: ethenyl group [2]) is a functional group with the formula −CH=CH 2. It is the ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) molecule (H 2 C=CH 2) with one fewer hydrogen atom. The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R ...
In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH 2 −HC=CH 2. It consists of a methylene bridge (−CH 2 −) attached to a vinyl group (−CH=CH 2). [1] [2] The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic, Allium sativum. In 1844, Theodor Wertheim isolated an allyl derivative from garlic oil and ...
Electrophilic additions to allyl- and vinylsilanes take advantage of this, and site selectivity generally reflects this property—electrophiles become bound to the carbon γ to the silyl group. The electron-donating strength of the carbon-silicon bond is similar to that of an acetamide substituent and equal to roughly two alkyl groups. [6]
There are several functional groups that contain an alkene such as vinyl group, allyl group, or acrylic group. Hydrocarbons may form charged structures: positively charged carbocations or negative carbanions. Carbocations are often named -um. Examples are tropylium and triphenylmethyl cations and the cyclopentadienyl anion.
Allyl compounds will isomerize to a vinyl group in the presence of noble metals. The residual enol ether (from a protected alcohol) or enamine (resp. amine) hydrolyzes in light acid. Photolabile protecting groups bear a chromophore, which is activated through radiation with an appropriate wavelength and so can be removed. [6]
General structure of a vinyl halide, where X is a halogen and R is a variable group. In organic chemistry, a vinyl halide is a compound with the formula CH 2 =CHX (X = halide). The term vinyl is often used to describe any alkenyl group. For this reason, alkenyl halides with the formula RCH=CHX are sometimes called vinyl halides.
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[1] [2] [3] In the Petasis reaction, the vinyl group of the organoboronic acid serves as the nucleophile. In comparison to other methods of generating allyl amines, the Petasis reaction tolerates a multifunctional scaffold, with a variety of amines and organoboronic acids as potential starting materials.
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