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Visual area V2, or secondary visual cortex, also called prestriate cortex, [31] receives strong feedforward connections from V1 (direct and via the pulvinar) and sends robust connections to V3, V4, and V5. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in the integration and processing of visual information.
Location and visuotopic organization of marmoset primary visual cortex (V1) Retinotopy mapping shapes the folding of the cerebral cortex . In both the V1 and V2 areas of macaques and humans the vertical meridian of their visual field tends to be represented on the cerebral cortex's convex gyri folds whereas the horizontal meridian tends to be ...
It may thus be more instructive to consider a multistage color processing stream from the retina through to cortical areas including at least V1, V2, V4, PITd and TEO. Consonant with motion perception, there appears to be a constellation of areas drawn upon for color perception. In addition, V4 may have a special, but not exclusive, role.
V2 serves much the same function as V1, however, it also handles illusory contours, determining depth by comparing left and right pulses (2D images), and foreground distinguishment. V2 connects to V1 - V5. V3 helps process 'global motion' (direction and speed) of objects. V3 connects to V1 (weak), V2, and the inferior temporal cortex. [14] [15]
Anatomical and physiological studies have established that the colour centre begins in V1 and sends signals to extrastriate areas V2 and V4 for further processing. V4 in particular is an area of interest because of the strength of the colour receptive fields in its neurons. [4] V4 was initially identified in macaque monkey visual cortex ...
The most common V-speeds are often defined by a particular government's aviation regulations.In the United States, these are defined in title 14 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, known as the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs). [7]
In terms of Brodmann areas, the extrastriate cortex comprises Brodmann area 18 and Brodmann area 19, while the striate cortex comprises Brodmann area 17. [3]In primates, the extrastriate cortex includes visual area V3, visual area V4, and visual area MT (sometimes called V5), [3] while V1 corresponds to the striate cortex, and V2 to the prestriate cortex.
[30] [34] [35] The presence in V4 of orientation-selective cells led to the view that V4 is involved in processing both color and form associated with color [36] but it is worth noting that the orientation selective cells within V4 are more broadly tuned than their counterparts in V1, V2 and V3. [33]