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During the early 19th century, some Cherokee and other Southeast Native American nations known as the Five Civilized Tribes held African-American slaves as property. The Cherokee "elites created an economy and culture that highly valued and regulated slavery and the rights of slave owners" and, in "1860, about thirty years after their removal ...
Slavery among Native Americans in the United States includes slavery by and enslavement of Native Americans roughly within what is currently the United States of America. Tribal territories and the slave trade ranged over present-day borders. Some Native American tribes held war captives as slaves prior to and during European colonization. Some ...
Non-indigenous slaves and Native Americans have interacted for centuries. The earliest record of Native American and African contact occurred in April 1502, when Spanish colonists transported the first Africans to Hispaniola to be held and work in slavery; [15] records of Indian enslavement of Europeans begin in 1528. [16]
Of the 1,515,605 free families in the fifteen slave states in 1860, nearly 400,000 held slaves (roughly one in four, or 25%), [173] amounting to 8% of all American families. [ 174 ] Ashley's Sack is a cloth that recounts a slave sale separating a mother and her daughter.
Illustrations of members of the Five Civilized Tribes painted between 1775 and 1850 (clockwise from top left): Sequoyah, Pushmataha, Selocta, Piominko, and Osceola The term Five Civilized Tribes was applied by the United States government in the early federal period of the history of the United States to the five major Native American nations in the Southeast: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw ...
Though the Indian Slave Trade ended the practice of enslaving Native Americans continued, records from June 28, 1771, show Native American children were kept as slaves in Long Island, New York. [37] Native Americans had also married while enslaved creating families both native and some of partial African descent. [34]
Most Native American tribes were completely removed from the state within a few years of the passage of the Indian Removal Act by Congress in 1830. [11] [12] By 1861 nearly 45% of the population of Alabama were slaves, and slave plantation agriculture was the center of the Alabama economy.
This colony did not survive, so it is not clear if it exported any slaves. Native Americans were enslaved by the Spanish in Florida under the encomienda system. [10] [11] New England and the Carolinas captured Native Americans in wars and distributed them as slaves. [12] Native Americans captured and enslaved some early European explorers and ...