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The Romani people are known by a variety of names, mostly as Gypsies, Roma, Tsinganoi, Bohémiens, and various linguistic variations of these names. There are also numerous subgroups and clans with their own self-designations, such as the Sinti, Kalderash, Boyash, Manouche, Lovari, Lăutari, Machvaya, Romanichal, Romanisael, Kale, Kaale, Xoraxai and Romungro.
Romani Americans today still migrate across the United States from the Midwest to Nevada, California, Texas, and elsewhere to live close to family and friends or for jobs. Some of the Roma who had once lived in Delay and then in the Dearborn area in Michigan moved to Las Vegas Valley to work or retire.
In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies, [87] which many Roma consider to be an ethnic slur. [ 88 ] [ 89 ] [ 90 ] The attendees of the first World Romani Congress in 1971 unanimously voted to reject the use of all exonyms for the Roma, including "Gypsy". [ 91 ]
Arrival of Roma (“Gypsies”) in Berne, Switzerland in the 15th century, dressed in Saracen-style attire [15]. The Romani people are today found across the world. Typically, Roma adopt given names that are common in the country of their residence.
The Romanichal (UK: / ˈ r ɒ m ə n ɪ tʃ æ l / US: /-n i-/; more commonly known as English Gypsies) are a Romani subgroup within the United Kingdom and other parts of the English-speaking world. Most Romanichal speak Angloromani , a mixed language that blends Romani vocabulary with English syntax.
Gypsies at Balatonlelle by Béla Iványi-Grünwald, 1935. In the 2011 census, 315,583 people called themselves Roma. [122] Various estimations put the number of Roma people to be between 500,000 and 1,000,000 people, or 8–10% of Hungary's population. [123] [124]
Hungarian-Slovak Roma or Balshade [1] immigrated to the United States in the late 19th century, many from (Sáros in Hungary and Zemplín counties) Košice, Slovakia.They settled in the cities of Braddock, Homestead, Johnstown, and Uniontown, Pennsylvania; Cleveland and Youngstown, Ohio; Detroit and Delray, Michigan; Gary, Indiana; Chicago, and New York City and Las Vegas. [2]
The Romani people, also referred to as Roma, Sinti, or Kale, depending on the subgroup, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group that primarily lives in Europe. The Romani may have migrated from what is the modern Indian state of Rajasthan, [1] migrating to the northwest (the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent) around 250 BC. [1]