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A sarpanch, gram pradhan, mukhiya, or president is a decision-maker, elected by the village-level constitutional body of local self-government called the gram sabha (village government) in India. [1] The sarpanch, together with other elected panchayat members (referred to as ward panch ), constitute gram panchayats and zilla panchayats .
The members of the gram panchayat are elected directly by the people. The gram panchayat is headed by an elected President and Vice President, assisted by a Secretary who serves as the administrative head of the panchayat. The president of a gram panchayat is known as a "Pradhan" or "Sarpanch" in Northern India. There are about 250,000 gram ...
The leader of the panchayat was often called the president, mukhiya, sarpanch, or pradhan, which was an elected or generally acknowledged position. The modern panchayati raj system of India and its gram panchayats should not be confused with the traditional system or the extra-constitutional khap panchayats (or caste panchayats) found in parts ...
Mukhi (mukhia) is the title used for a head of community or village elites [1] and their local government in Western India and Sindh. [2] It is derived from the word mukhiya meaning 'foremost', and prior to Indian independence they were the most powerful person in each community, imbued with both civil and judicial powers.
The absence of mandatory elections for the Panchayat council and infrequent meetings of the Sarpanch have decreased the spread of information to villagers, leading to more state regulation. [22] Many Panchayats have been successful in achieving their goals, through cooperation between different bodies and the political mobilization of ...
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The Zila Panchayat or District Development Council or Zilla Parishad or District Panchayat or is the third tier of the Panchayati Raj system and functions at the district levels in all states.
A Planning Commission Report concluded that "in most cases, in the pre-PESA implementation phase, there was little if any difference between tribal and non-tribal areas with respect to the role of the Gram Sabha. The Sarpanch and other influential Gram Panchayat members dominate the often irregular and scantily attended Gram Sabha meetings.