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NP-40 (also known as Tergitol-type NP-40 and nonyl phenoxypolyethoxylethanol [1]) is a commercially available detergent with CAS Registry Number 9016-45-9. NP-40 is an ethoxylated nonylphenol for non-ionic surfactants and can act as emulsifier and demulsifier agent.
XLT Agar (Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4) is a selective culture medium for the isolation and identification of salmonellae from food and environmental samples. It is similar to XLD agar; however, the agar is supplemented with the surfactant, Tergitol 4, which causes inhibition of Proteus spp. and other non-Salmonellae. [1]
Nonidet P-40 is a nonionic, non-denaturing detergent.Its official IUPAC name is octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol.. Nonidet P-40 is sometimes abbreviated as NP-40, but should not be confused with a different detergent by the same name NP-40, nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol of the Tergitol NP series of Dow Chemicals.
Nonylphenol can be produced industrially, naturally, and by the environmental degradation of alkylphenol ethoxylates. Industrially, nonylphenols are produced by the acid-catalyzed alkylation of phenol with a mixture of nonenes.
IGEPAL CA-630 has HLB of 13.4, similar to that of Triton X-100 (13.4) and thus belongs to the detergent range (HLB 13-15); this is significantly less than 17.8 of tergitol NP-40 or 16.7 of Polysorbate 20 (also known as Tween 20), which both belong in the solubilizer range (15-18) of HLB. [2] Ca-630 is completely miscible with water.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (stained red) in tissue (blue).. Acid-fastness is a physical property of certain bacterial and eukaryotic cells, as well as some sub-cellular structures, specifically their resistance to decolorization by acids during laboratory staining procedures.
Triton X-100 (C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n) is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
R2A agar (Reasoner's 2A agar) is a culture medium [1] developed to study bacteria which normally inhabit potable water. [2] These bacteria tend to be slow-growing species and would quickly be suppressed by faster-growing species on a richer culture medium.