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The European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) is an agency of the European Union (EU) that sets mandatory requirements for European railways and manufacturers in the form of Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI), which apply to the Trans-European Rail system. The ERA publishes a document summarising the status of the TSIs. [1]
The European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is a major industrial project developed by a group of UNIFE members – Alstom Transport, AZD Praha, CAF, Hitachi Rail STS, Mermec and Siemens Mobility – in close cooperation with the European Union, railway stakeholders and the GSM-R industry.
For the Rail Baltica project, a new international standard gauge railway is currently built that connects the Baltic states with the European standard gauge network. In some places, trains with variable gauge bogies are used, such as between France and Spain [ 10 ] (also used between narrow and standard gauge railways, for example the ...
The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is the system of standards for management and interoperation of signalling for railways by the European Union (EU). It is conducted by the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) and is the organisational umbrella for the separately managed parts of GSM–R (communication),
The Single European Railway Directive 2012 is an EU Directive that regulates railway networks in European Union law.This recast the First Railway Directive" and consolidates legislation from each of the first to the fourth "Package" from 1991 to 2016, [1] and allows open access operations on railway lines by companies other than those that own the rail infrastructure.
The Community of European Railway and Infrastructure Companies (CER) brings together 75 railway undertakings and infrastructure companies from the European Union, the candidate countries (North Macedonia and Turkey) as well as from the Western Balkan countries, Norway, and Switzerland. [1] The CER is also a member of the Group of Representative ...
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An ETR 500 train running on the Florence–Rome high-speed line near Arezzo, Italy, the first high-speed railway opened in Europe. [6] The earliest high-speed rail line built in Europe was the Italian "Direttissima", the Florence–Rome high-speed railway 254 km (158 mi) in 1977. The top speed on the line was 250 km/h (160 mph), giving an end ...