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Heyrovský's Polarograph. Polarography is an electrochemical voltammetric technique that employs (dropping or static) mercury drop as a working electrode. In its most simple form polarography can be used to determine concentrations of electroactive species in liquids by measuring their mass-transport limiting currents.
The resistance of the titania is a function of the oxygen partial pressure and the temperature. Therefore, some sensors are used with a gas-temperature sensor to compensate for the resistance change due to temperature. The resistance value at any temperature is about 1/1000 the change in oxygen concentration.
Voltammetry is the study of current as a function of applied potential. These curves I = f(E) are called voltammograms. The potential is varied arbitrarily, either step by step or continuously, and the resulting current value is measured as the dependent variable. The opposite, i.e., amperometry, is also possible but not common. The shape of ...
An electro-galvanic fuel cell is an electrochemical device which consumes a fuel to produce an electrical output by a chemical reaction. One form of electro-galvanic fuel cell based on the oxidation of lead is commonly used to measure the concentration of oxygen gas in underwater diving and medical breathing gases .
where is the probe potential with respect to the potential of plasma =, / is the lowest electron velocity value at which the electron still could reach the probe surface charged to the potential , is the upper limit of the angle at which the electron having initial velocity can still reach the probe surface with a zero-value of its velocity at ...
Voyager 1 is back online and operating normally after a weekslong communication blackout prevented engineers from receiving its science data. The issue resulted from the spacecraft’s dwindling ...
Double-pulsed chronoamperometry waveform showing integrated region for charge determination.. In electrochemistry, chronoamperometry is an analytical technique in which the electric potential of the working electrode is stepped and the resulting current from faradaic processes occurring at the electrode (caused by the potential step) is monitored as a function of time.
Most electrodes work over a limited range of conditions, such as pH or temperature, outside of this range the electrodes behavior becomes unpredictable. The advantage of a pseudo-reference electrode is that the resulting variation is factored into the system allowing researchers to accurately study systems over a wide range of conditions.