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The invention of gas chromatography is generally attributed to Anthony T. James and Archer J.P. Martin. [6] [7] Their gas chromatograph used partition chromatography as the separating principle, rather than adsorption chromatography. The popularity of gas chromatography quickly rose after the development of the flame ionization detector. [8]
Others introduced mass spectrometers to gas chromatography in the late 1950s. [29] The work of Martin and Synge also set the stage for high performance liquid chromatography, suggesting that small sorbent particles and pressure could produce fast liquid chromatography techniques. This became widely practical by the late 1960s (and the method ...
Erika Cremer (20 May 1900, Munich – 21 September 1996, Innsbruck) was a German physical chemist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Innsbruck [1] who is regarded as one of the most important pioneers in gas chromatography, [1] as she second conceived the technique in 1944, [1] after Richard Synge and Archer J.P. Martin in 1941.
Leslie Stephen Ettre (September 16, 1922 – June 1, 2010) was a Hungarian-American analytical chemist and scientist who was known for his contributions to the field of chromatography, in particular open-tubular gas chromatography, as well as to documentation of the history of chromatography.
Chromatography, pronounced / ˌ k r oʊ m ə ˈ t ɒ ɡ r ə f i /, is derived from Greek χρῶμα chrōma, which means "color", and γράφειν gráphein, which means "to write".". The combination of these two terms was directly inherited from the invention of the technique first used to separate biological pigme
Archer Martin shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the invention of partition chromatography with Richard Synge. [10] [11]Archer Martin's 1954 paper with A. T. James, "Gas-Liquid Chromatography: A Technique for the Analysis and Identification of Volatile Materials” reported the discovery of gas-liquid chromatography.
The first on-line coupling of gas chromatography to a mass spectrometer was reported in the late 1950s. [4] [5] An interest in coupling the methods had been suggested as early as December 1954, [6] but conventional recording techniques had too poor temporal resolution.
John Knox was an early leader in the field of gas chromatography. As a PhD student in at Pembroke College, Cambridge, [3] in 1953 Knox, together with his fellow student Howard Purnell, constructed a self-designed gas chromatographer in their lab and used this to pioneer early research in the field. In later experiments Knox was the first to use ...