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Sensors on Earth observation satellites often take measurements of emitted energy over some portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., UV, visible, infrared, microwave, or radio). [ 1 ] The invention of climate research through the use of satellite remote telemetry began in the 1960s through development of space probes to study other planets.
In addition to monitoring city lights, these photos are a life saving asset in the detection and monitoring of fires. Not only do the satellites see the fires visually day and night, but the thermal and infrared scanners on board these weather satellites detect potential fire sources below the surface of the Earth where smoldering occurs. Once ...
The SBIRS satellites are a replacement for the Defense Support Program (DSP) early warning system. They are intended to detect ballistic missile launches, as well as various other events in the infrared spectrum, including nuclear explosions , aircraft flights, space object entries and reentries, wildfires , and spacecraft launches .
As defined in the initial proposal, MIDAS would use infrared sensors from high above the Soviet Union to detect ICBM launches and give early warning of a thermonuclear attack. [5] The plan called for a 10-satellite research and development program between November 1959 and May 1961. After that time, a full-scale operational system would be ...
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a sensor designed and manufactured by the Raytheon Company on board the polar-orbiting Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP), NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 weather satellites. [1] VIIRS is one of five key instruments onboard Suomi NPP, launched on October 28, 2011. [2]
The Meteosat visible and infrared imager (or MVIRI) is the scientific instrument package on board the seven Meteosat first-generation geostationary meteorological satellites. This instrument is capable of capturing images in the visible , infrared , and water vapor regions of the electromagnetic spectrum .
The first use of IRST in an Eurasian country was the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23, [8] which used the (TP-23ML) IRST; later versions used the (26SH1) IRST. [9] The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25PD was also equipped with a small IRST under the nose. [10] The Swedish Saab J-35F2 Draken (1965) also used an IRST, a Hughes Aircraft Company N71.
SBIRS is to use more sophisticated infrared technologies than the DSP to enhance the detection of strategic and theater ballistic missile launches and the performance of the missile-tracking function. The original contract consisted of 2 SBIRS HEO satellite sensors and 2-3 SBIRS GEO sensors (and satellites) with an option to buy a total of 5 GEOs.