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It is often useful to give the gyrofrequency a sign with the definition = or express it in units of hertz with =. For electrons, this frequency can be reduced to , = (/).. In cgs-units the gyroradius = | | and the corresponding gyrofrequency = | | include a factor , that is the velocity of light, because the magnetic field is expressed in units [] = / /.
Radius of gyration (in polymer science)(, unit: nm or SI unit: m): For a macromolecule composed of mass elements, of masses , =1,2,…,, located at fixed distances from the centre of mass, the radius of gyration is the square-root of the mass average of over all mass elements, i.e.,
For this case the radius of gyration is approximated using Flory's mean field approach which yields a scaling for the radius of gyration of: R g ∼ N ν {\displaystyle R_{g}\sim N^{\nu }} , where R g {\displaystyle R_{g}} is the radius of gyration of the polymer, N {\displaystyle N} is the number of bond segments (equal to the degree of ...
A more sophisticated analysis known as 'composition-gradient static (or multi-angle) light scattering' (CG-SLS or CG-MALS) is an important class of methods to investigate protein–protein interactions, colligative properties, and other macromolecular interactions as it yields, in addition to size and molecular weight, information on the ...
This makes experimental determination of important quantities such as the root mean square end-to-end distance or the radius of gyration much simpler. Additionally, the theta condition is also satisfied in the bulk amorphous polymer phase. Thus, the conformations adopted by polymers dissolved in theta solvents are identical to those adopted in ...
In the orbifold corresponding to the subgroup, a gyration corresponds to a rotation point that does not lie on a mirror, called a gyration point. [1] For example, having a sphere rotating about any point that is not the center of the sphere, the sphere is gyrating. If it was rotating about its center, the rotation would be symmetrical and it ...
where G, R g, and B are constants related to the scattering contrast, structural volume, surface area, and radius of gyration. q is the magnitude of the scattering vector which is related to the Bragg spacing, d, q = 2π/d = 4π/λ sin(θ/2). λ is the wavelength and θ is the scattering angle (2θ in diffraction).
The radius of gyration of an area with respect to a particular axis is the square root of the quotient of the area moment of inertia divided by the area. It is the distance at which the entire area must be assumed to be concentrated in order that the product of the area and the square of this distance will equal the moment of inertia of the actual area about the given axis.