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The intercept theorem, also known as Thales's theorem, basic proportionality theorem or side splitter theorem, is an important theorem in elementary geometry about the ratios of various line segments that are created if two rays with a common starting point are intercepted by a pair of parallels.
Cayley's theorem; Clique problem (to do) Compactness theorem (very compact proof) Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem; Euler's formula; Euler's four-square identity; Euler's theorem; Five color theorem; Five lemma; Fundamental theorem of arithmetic; Gauss–Markov theorem (brief pointer to proof) Gödel's incompleteness theorem. Gödel's first ...
Noether's theorem (Lie groups, calculus of variations, differential invariants, physics) Noether's second theorem (calculus of variations, physics) Noether's theorem on rationality for surfaces (algebraic surfaces) Non-squeezing theorem (symplectic geometry) Norton's theorem (electrical networks) Novikov's compact leaf theorem
The variable y is directly proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant ~0.6. The variable y is inversely proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant 1. In mathematics , two sequences of numbers, often experimental data , are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ...
Hilbert's twenty-fourth problem is a mathematical problem that was not published as part of the list of 23 problems (known as Hilbert's problems) but was included in David Hilbert's original notes. The problem asks for a criterion of simplicity in mathematical proofs and the development of a proof theory with the power to prove that a given ...
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Similar triangles provide the basis for many synthetic (without the use of coordinates) proofs in Euclidean geometry. Among the elementary results that can be proved this way are: the angle bisector theorem, the geometric mean theorem, Ceva's theorem, Menelaus's theorem and the Pythagorean theorem.
An elementary proof is a proof which only uses basic techniques. More specifically, the term is used in number theory to refer to proofs that make no use of complex analysis . For some time it was thought that certain theorems, like the prime number theorem , could only be proved using "higher" mathematics.