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In software programming, SOLID is a mnemonic acronym for five design principles intended to make object-oriented designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable. Although the SOLID principles apply to any object-oriented design, they can also form a core philosophy for methodologies such as agile development or adaptive software ...
Larman states that "the critical design tool for software development is a mind well educated in design principles. It is not UML or any other technology." [3]: 272 Thus, the GRASP principles are really a mental toolset, a learning aid to help in the design of object-oriented software.
Many widely used languages, such as C++, Java, and Python, provide object-oriented features. Although in the past object-oriented programming was widely accepted, [ 51 ] more recently essays criticizing object-oriented programming and recommending the avoidance of these features (generally in favor of functional programming ) have been very ...
In object-oriented programming, the open–closed principle (OCP) states "software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification"; [1] that is, such an entity can allow its behaviour to be extended without modifying its source code.
A 2013 study of 93 open source Java programs (of varying size) found that: While there is not huge opportunity to replace inheritance with composition (...), the opportunity is significant (median of 2% of uses [of inheritance] are only internal reuse, and a further 22% are only external or internal reuse).
ISP is one of the five SOLID principles of object-oriented design, similar to the High Cohesion Principle of GRASP. [3] Beyond object-oriented design, ISP is also a key principle in the design of distributed systems in general and one of the six IDEALS principles for microservice design. [4]
Liskov's notion of a behavioural subtype defines a notion of substitutability for objects; that is, if S is a subtype of T, then objects of type T in a program may be replaced with objects of type S without altering any of the desirable properties of that program (e.g. correctness).
In Java, several factories are used in the javax.xml.parsers package, such as javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory or javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory. In the HTML5 DOM API, the Document interface contains a createElement() factory method for creating specific elements of the HTMLElement interface.