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The Red Guards (Chinese: 红卫兵; pinyin: hóng wèibīng) were a mass, student-led, paramilitary social movement mobilized by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1966 until their abolition in 1968, during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, which he had instituted. [3] According to a Red Guard leader, the movement's aims were as follows:
On the night of 29 August 1966, the New Peking University Red Guards ransacked Zhang Shizhao's residence in Beijing. Early in the morning on 30 August, Zhang wrote a letter to Mao Zedong. Mao issued a directive: "Forward this to the Premier for appropriate action; he should be protected."
On 18 August in Beijing, over a million Red Guards from across the country gathered in and around Tiananmen Square for an audience with the chairman. [7]: 106–107 Mao mingled with Red Guards and encouraged them, donning a Red Guard armband. Lin also took centre stage, denouncing perceived enemies in society that were impeding the "progress of ...
Morning Sun (Chinese: 八九点钟的太阳; pinyin: Bā Jiǔ Diǎn Zhōng de Tàiyáng) is a 2003 documentary film by Carma Hinton about the Cultural Revolution in China.. The film uses archival and propaganda footage from the era as well as interviews with Red Guard participants and victims to explore the events and effects of the Cultural Revolution.
[9] [18] At the same time, Red Guards launched a nationwide campaign to destroy the "Four Olds". [1] [9] In Beijing alone, a total of 4,922 historic sites were ruined, and the Red Guards burned 2.3 million books as well as 3.3 million paintings, art objects, and pieces of furniture. [4] [10] Red Guards on Tiananmen Square of Beijing (September ...
[2] [8] [9] Many of them were killed by the Red Guards and others. [3] [8] [10] Mao believed that victimizing these people, as well as other groups of citizens – such as teachers, educated intellectuals, and enemies of the Communist Party (cadres) – was a necessary component to initiate the changes in the Chinese culture that he desired. He ...
Thematically, La Chinoise concerns the 1960s New Left political interest in such historical and ongoing events as the legacy of Lenin's October 1917 Russian Revolution, the escalating U.S. military activities in the increasingly unstable region of southeast Asia, and especially the Cultural Revolution brought about by the Red Guards under Mao Zedong in the People's Republic of China.
The student participated as a Red Guard in Mao Tse-tung's so-called Cultural Revolution from its inception. In July 1968, [ 2 ] together with his second elder brother, he escaped to the Republic of China, Taiwan by swimming almost eight miles with the ebb current from Amoy to the offshore island Tatan which belongs to the Chinmen Archipelago .