Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The properties of these two sulfur oxychlorides are quite different: sulfuryl chloride is a source of chlorine whereas thionyl chloride is a source of chloride ions. An alternative IUPAC name is sulfuryl dichloride. Sulfur is tetrahedral in SO 2 Cl 2 and the oxidation state of the sulfur atom is +6, as in sulfuric acid.
For gases, departure from 3 R per mole of atoms is generally due to two factors: (1) failure of the higher quantum-energy-spaced vibration modes in gas molecules to be excited at room temperature, and (2) loss of potential energy degree of freedom for small gas molecules, simply because most of their atoms are not bonded maximally in space to ...
CID (also called collisionally activated dissociation - CAD) is a method used to fragment molecular ions in the gas phase. [8] [9] The molecular ions collide with neutral gas molecules such as helium, nitrogen, or argon. In the collision some of the kinetic energy is converted into internal energy which results in fragmentation.
S 2 Cl 2 hydrolyzes to sulfur dioxide and elemental sulfur. When treated with hydrogen sulfide, polysulfanes are formed as indicated in the following idealized formula: 2 H 2 S + S 2 Cl 2 → H 2 S 4 + 2 HCl. It reacts with ammonia to give tetrasulfur tetranitride as well as heptasulfur imide (S 7 NH) and related S−N rings S 8−n (NH) n (n ...
Solid acid fuel cells (SAFCs) are a class of fuel cells characterized by the use of a solid acid material as the electrolyte. Similar to proton exchange membrane fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells, they extract electricity from the electrochemical conversion of hydrogen- and oxygen-containing gases, leaving only water as a byproduct.
The resulting carbon sludge could be used to burn or operate novel fuel cell types with a 60% efficiency, as currently being researched at Harvard University. To produce conventional fuels, the carbon-water mixture would have to be heated more intensively, so that so-called synthesis gas, a gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is formed:
Sulfur dioxide is the oxidising agent in the Claus process, which is conducted on a large scale in oil refineries. Here, sulfur dioxide is reduced by hydrogen sulfide to give elemental sulfur: SO 2 + 2 H 2 S → 3 S + 2 H 2 O. The sequential oxidation of sulfur dioxide followed by its hydration is used in the production of sulfuric acid.
If, however, hydrogen is the desired end-product, the coal gas (primarily the CO product) undergoes the water gas shift reaction where more hydrogen is produced by additional reaction with water vapor: CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2. Although other technologies for coal gasification currently exist, all employ, in general, the same chemical processes.