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The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 provides for the establishment of protected areas in India. [1] Wildlife sanctuaries of India are classified as IUCN Category IV protected areas. As of November 2023, 573 wildlife sanctuaries have been established, covering 122,564.86 km 2 (47,322.56 sq mi). [2]
In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species. As of January 2023, [update] India has 106 national parks covering 44,402.95 square kilometres (17,144.07 sq mi), roughly 1.35% of the total geographical area of the country.
India is home to several well-known large animals, including the Indian elephant, [11] Indian rhinoceros, [12] and Gaur. [4] India is the only country where the big cats tiger and lion exist in the wild. Members of the cat family include Bengal tiger, [13] Asiatic lion, [14] Indian leopard, [15] snow leopard, [16] and clouded leopard. [17]
The wildlife trade also causes issues for natural resources that people use in their everyday lives. Ecotourism is how some people bring in money to their homes, and with depleting the wildlife, this may be a factor in taking away jobs. [33] Illegal wildlife trade has also become normalized through various social media outlets.
The wildlife conserves are declared by the state government in official gazette. [1] The state government after consultation with the local communities can declare any land adjacent to National Park or sanctuaries or linking two protected areas which is owned by the government as conservation reserve under the section 36A of The Wildlife ...
India's Red List of 2018 was released at the Rio+20 Earth Summit. [1] [2] Since then, new animals have been added yearly.While previously this list contained 132 species of plants and animals in 2018, as of the 2023-1 update from the IUCN Red List, over 950 species of animals (and over 600 species of plants) are listed as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable.
It was dedicated to the nation in 2007 by then President of India APJ Abdul Kalam. It is a part of the Centre for cellular and molecular biology. India's first genetic bank for wildlife conservation, the National wildlife genetic resource bank (NWGRB) established by the government at LaCONES in 2018. [2]
There are 18 biosphere reserves in India. [1] They protect larger areas of natural habitat than a typical national park or animal sanctuary, and often include one or more national parks or reserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses.