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Surface modification is the act of modifying the surface of a material by bringing physical, chemical or biological characteristics different from the ones originally found on the surface of a material. [1] This modification is usually made to solid materials, but it is possible to find examples of the modification to the surface of specific ...
Carbonitriding is a metallurgical surface modification technique that is used to increase the surface hardness of a metal, thereby reducing wear. During the process, atoms of carbon and nitrogen diffuse interstitially into the metal, creating barriers to slip , increasing the hardness and modulus near the surface.
The more carbon atoms are attached to the central metal atom, the weaker the bond. [5] The diffusion of atoms on the substrate surface is affected by atomic steps on the surface. The vapor pressure of the group III metal organic source is an important control parameter for MOCVD growth, since it determines the growth rate in the mass-transport ...
Plasma activation (or plasma functionalization) is a method of surface modification employing plasma processing, which improves surface adhesion properties of many materials including metals, glass, ceramics, a broad range of polymers and textiles and even natural materials such as wood and seeds. Plasma functionalization also refers to the ...
Almost always, silanization is the conversion of a silanol-terminated surface to a alkylsiloxy-terminated surface. This conversion confers hydrophobicity to a previously hydrophilic surface. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This process is often used to modify the surface properties of glass, silicon, alumina, quartz, and metal oxide substrates, which all have an ...
Spatially resolve acoustic spectroscopy is an optical technique that uses optically generated high frequency surface acoustic waves to probe the direction elastic parameters of the surface and, as such, it can vividly reveal the surface microstructure of metals. It can also image the crystallographic orientation and determine the single crystal ...
The method is used for the fabrication of metal oxides, especially the oxides of silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti). The process involves conversion of monomers in solution into a colloidal solution that acts as the precursor for an integrated network (or gel) of either discrete particles or network polymers. Typical precursors are metal alkoxides.
The choice of surface metal is also dictated by the plasmon resonance frequency. Visible and near-infrared radiation (NIR) are used to excite Raman modes. Silver and gold are typical metals for SERS experiments because their plasmon resonance frequencies fall within these wavelength ranges, providing maximal enhancement for visible and NIR light.