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The planetary surface of the Earth heats the troposphere by means of latent heat, thermal radiation, and sensible heat. The gas layers of the troposphere are less dense at the geographic poles and denser at the equator, where the average height of the tropical troposphere is 13 km, approximately 7.0 km greater than the 6.0 km average height of ...
Ozone in the troposhere is determined by photochemical production and destruction, dry deposition and cross-tropopause transport of ozone from the stratosphere. [2] In the Arctic troposphere, transport and photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a result of human emissions also produce ozone resulting in a background mixing ratio of 30 to 50 ...
[1] [2] Ozone is also an important constituent of the stratosphere, where the ozone layer (2 to 8 parts per million ozone) exists which is located between 10 and 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface. [3] The troposphere extends from the ground up to a variable height of approximately 14 kilometers above sea level.
Inhaling too much ozone causes inflammation and irritation, [35] whereas too little troposphere ozone would produce biochemical smog. On Earth, the troposphere ozone is part of the ground-level ozone protection. Tropospheric ozone is formed by the interaction of ultraviolet light with hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. [2] [36] [37]
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere; it starts at the planetary boundary layer, and is the layer in which most weather phenomena occur. The troposphere contains the boundary layer, and ranges in height from an average of 9 km (5.6 mi; 30,000 ft) at the poles, to 17 km (11 mi; 56,000 ft) at the Equator.
The stratosphere is the second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. It lies above the troposphere and is separated from it by the tropopause. This layer extends from the top of the troposphere at roughly 12 km (7.5 mi; 39,000 ft) above Earth's surface to the stratopause at an altitude of about 50 to 55 km (31 to 34 mi; 164,000 to 180,000 ft).
All living organisms that exist within a given ecosphere. J.B. Lamarck defined the term biosphere. When modern biologists mention the biosphere they usually mean the best part of the Earth's crust, which is the lithosphere and hydrosphere, and of the lower parts of the Earth's lower parts, which is the troposphere. All these together and the ...
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. This extends from the planetary surface to the bottom of the stratosphere. The troposphere contains 75–80% of the mass of the atmosphere, [9] and is the atmospheric layer wherein the weather occurs; the height of the troposphere varies between 17 km at the equator and 7.0 km at the poles.