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Warm surface water is generally saltier than the cooler deep or polar waters. [1] In polar regions, the upper layers of ocean water are cold and fresh. [2] Deep ocean water is cold, salty water found deep below the surface of Earth's oceans. This water has a uniform temperature of around 0-3 °C. [3]
The extent of the ocean surface down into the ocean is influenced by the amount of mixing that takes place between the surface water and the deeper water. This depends on the temperature: in the tropics the warm surface layer of about 100 m is quite stable and does not mix much with deeper water, while near the poles winter cooling and storms makes the surface layer denser and it mixes to ...
A tempering valve mixes enough cold water with the hot water from the heater to keep the outgoing water temperature fixed at a more moderate temperature, often set to 50 °C (122 °F). Without a tempering valve, reduction of the water heater's setpoint temperature is the most direct way to reduce scalding.
The warm layer is called the epilimnion and the cold layer is called the hypolimnion. Because the warm water is exposed to the sun during the day, a stable system exists and very little mixing of warm water and cold water occurs, particularly in calm weather.
The warm water and temperature contrast along the edge of the Gulf Stream often increase the intensity of cyclones, tropical or otherwise. Tropical cyclone generation normally requires water temperatures in excess of 26.5 °C (79.7 °F). [45] Tropical cyclone formation is common over the Gulf Stream, especially in July.
The Blob is an anomalous body having sea surface temperature much above normal, seen here in a graphic of April 2014 by the NOAA. The Blob is a large mass of relatively warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of North America that was first detected in late 2013 and continued to spread throughout 2014 and 2015.
Warm water (90 – 110°F) is more suitable for cotton and synthetics. Cold water (60–80 ° F) is best for delicate clothing, such as hosiery and mixed fabrics, susceptible to shrinking or fading.
a spring with water temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) [17] The related term "warm spring" is defined as a spring with water temperature less than a hot spring by many sources, although Pentecost et al. (2003) suggest that the phrase "warm spring" is not useful and should be avoided. [9] The US NOAA Geophysical Data Center defines a "warm ...