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A constitutional plebiscite held in the Philippines on 14 May 1935 ratified the 1935 Philippine Constitution which established the Philippine Commonwealth. [1] The constitution had been written in 1934 by the Constitutional Convention of 1934.
The draft of the constitution was approved by the convention on February 8, 1935, and was ratified by President Roosevelt in Washington, D.C., on March 25, 1935. Elections were held on September 16, 1935, and Manuel L. Quezon was elected as the first President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. The Preamble reads:
Under the act, the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines was written and the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established, with the first directly elected President of the Philippines. (Direct elections to the Philippine Legislature had been held since 1907.) It also established limitations on Filipino immigration to the United States.
On February 8, 1935, the 1935 Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines was approved by the convention by a vote of 177 to 1. The constitution was approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 25, 1935, and ratified by popular vote on May 14, 1935. [27] [28] On September 16, 1935, [10] presidential elections were held.
Bonifacio Day was added through Philippine Legislature Act No. 2946. It was signed by then-Governor General Francis Burton Harrison in 1921. [3] On October 28, 1931, the Act No. 3827 was approved declaring the last Sunday of August as National Heroes Day. [4] January 1 – New Year's Day
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The National Defense Act of 1935 (Commonwealth Act No. 1) was passed by the Philippine National Assembly on December 21, 1935. The purpose of this act was to create an independent Philippine military , a move interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War .