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White matter is the tissue through which messages pass between different areas of grey matter within the central nervous system. The white matter is white because of the fatty substance (myelin) that surrounds the nerve fibers (axons). This myelin is found in almost all long nerve fibers, and acts as an electrical insulation.
Grey matter, or gray matter in American English, is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries.
3.2.1 White matter. 3.2.2 Subcortical. 3.2.3 Rhinencephalon ... Read; Edit; View history; General ... Central gray and dorsal and ventral nuclei of Gudden;
The anterior and posterior grey columns present as projections of grey matter and are also known as the horns of the spinal cord. The white matter is located outside of the grey matter and consists almost totally of myelinated motor and sensory axons. Columns of white matter known as funiculi carry information either up or down the spinal cord.
White matter connects different regions of grey matter in the cerebrum together. These interconnections make transport more seamless and allow us to perform tasks easier. Significant correlations between intelligence and the corpus callosum have been found, as larger callosal areas have been positively correlated with cognitive performance. [ 1 ]
Many of the short association fibers (also called arcuate or "U"-fibers) lie in the superficial white matter immediately beneath the gray matter of the cerebral cortex, and connect together adjacent gyri. [2] Some pass from one wall of the sulcus to the other. [3]
Gray matter heterotopia is a neurological disorder caused by gray matter being located in an atypical location in the brain. [1] Grey matter heterotopia is characterized as a type of focal cortical dysplasia. The neurons in heterotopia are otherwise healthy; nuclear studies have shown glucose metabolism equal to that of normally positioned gray ...
Cortical white matter increases from childhood (~9 years) to adolescence (~14 years), most notably in the frontal and parietal cortices. [8] Cortical grey matter development peaks at ~12 years of age in the frontal and parietal cortices, and 14–16 years in the temporal lobes (with the superior temporal cortex being last to mature), peaking at about roughly the same age in both sexes ...