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A random vector (that is, a random variable with values in R n) is said to be a white noise vector or white random vector if its components each have a probability distribution with zero mean and finite variance, [clarification needed] and are statistically independent: that is, their joint probability distribution must be the product of the ...
In probability theory, a branch of mathematics, white noise analysis, otherwise known as Hida calculus, is a framework for infinite-dimensional and stochastic calculus, based on the Gaussian white noise probability space, to be compared with Malliavin calculus based on the Wiener process. [1]
Two simulated time series processes, one stationary and the other non-stationary, are shown above. The augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test statistic is reported for each process; non-stationarity cannot be rejected for the second process at a 5% significance level. White noise is the simplest example of a stationary process.
The Allan variance plot does not distinguish them. It requires modified Allan variance plot to distinguish them. 2. White frequency-modulation noise (FM): at a lower frequency, white noise in frequency dominates. This corresponds to () /, [] = 3.
White test is a statistical test that establishes whether the variance of the errors in a regression model is constant: that is for homoskedasticity. This test, and an estimator for heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors , were proposed by Halbert White in 1980. [ 1 ]
The transformation is called "whitening" because it changes the input vector into a white noise vector. Several other transformations are closely related to whitening: the decorrelation transform removes only the correlations but leaves variances intact, the standardization transform sets variances to 1 but leaves correlations intact,
An AR(1) process is given by: = + where is a white noise process with zero mean and constant variance . (Note: The subscript on φ 1 {\displaystyle \varphi _{1}} has been dropped.) The process is weak-sense stationary if | φ | < 1 {\displaystyle |\varphi |<1} since it is obtained as the output of a stable filter whose input is white noise.
In signal processing theory, Gaussian noise, named after Carl Friedrich Gauss, is a kind of signal noise that has a probability density function (pdf) equal to that of the normal distribution (which is also known as the Gaussian distribution). [1] [2] In other words, the values that the noise can take are Gaussian-distributed.