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[11] [12] Sundials existed in China since ancient times, but very little is known of their history. It is known that the ancient Chinese developed a form of sundials c. 800 BCE, and the sundials eventually evolved to very sophisticated water clocks by 1000 CE, and sometime in the Song dynasty (1000–1400 CE), a compass would sometimes also be ...
28 BCE – Chinese history book Book of Han makes earliest known dated record of sunspot. [34] c. 150 CE – Claudius Ptolemy completes his work Almagest, that codifies the astronomical knowledge of his time and cements the geocentric model in the West, and it remained the most authoritative text on astronomy for more than 1,500 years.
The invention of the verge and foliot escapement in c.1275 [87] was one of the most important inventions in both the history of the clock [88] and the history of technology. [89] It was the first type of regulator in horology. [6] A verge, or vertical shaft, is forced to rotate by a weight-driven crown wheel, but is stopped from rotating freely ...
An astronomical instrument is a device for observing, measuring or recording astronomical data. They are used in the scientific field of astronomy , a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos, with the object of explaining their origin and evolution over time.
This is a timeline of astronomy. It covers ancient, medieval, Renaissance-era, and finally modern astronomy. It covers ancient, medieval, Renaissance-era, and finally modern astronomy. Antiquity
The timeline of meteorology contains events of scientific and technological advancements in the area of atmospheric sciences. The most notable advancements in observational meteorology , weather forecasting , climatology , atmospheric chemistry , and atmospheric physics are listed chronologically.
The instruments were used to read the time of the Sun rising and fixed stars. al-Zarqali of Andalusia constructed one such instrument in which, unlike its predecessors, did not depend on the latitude of the observer, and could be used anywhere. This instrument became known in Europe as the Saphea.
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...