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The generalised chemical structure of polyisocyanurate showing the isocyanurate group. The polyols are abbreviated as R-groups.. Polyisocyanurate (/ ˌ p ɒ l ɪ ˌ aɪ s oʊ s aɪ ˈ æ nj ʊər eɪ t /), also referred to as PIR, polyol, or ISO, is a thermoset plastic [1] typically produced as a foam and used as rigid thermal insulation.
Styrofoam has a variety of uses. Styrofoam is composed of 98% air, making it lightweight and buoyant. [6] DuPont produces Styrofoam building materials, including varieties of building insulation sheathing and pipe insulation. The claimed R-value of Styrofoam insulation is approximately 5 °F⋅ft 2 ⋅h/BTU for 1 inch thick sheet. [7]
There are many types of rigid cellular polystyrene (RCPS). The term "Styrofoam" is The Dow Chemical Company's brand name, which does not refer to any particular type of RCPS. Some polystyrene uses up to 50% recycled resin, including post-consumer plastic. Several states in the US have banned polystyrene that uses CFCs as blowing agents.
The ability to reflect or block heat from all sources such as fireplaces, heaters, and radiators inside a building as well as sunlight is the value of a true "insulative" or "insulating" paint. These products reduce the work (heat loading) that "resistance insulation" such a fiberglass, foam, and rock wool have to do.
Based on scientific tests over five decades, government safety agencies have determined that polystyrene is safe for use in foodservice products. For example, polystyrene meets the stringent standards of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission/European Food Safety Authority for use in packaging to store and serve food.
Open-cell foam is porous, allowing water vapor and liquid water to penetrate the insulation. Closed-cell foam is non-porous, and not moisture-penetrable, thereby effectively forming a semi-permeable vapor barrier. (N.B., vapor barriers are usually required by the Building Codes, regardless of the type of insulation used.
In the United States, the International Building Code and ASTM International define Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) as a non-load-bearing exterior wall cladding system that consists of an insulation board attached either adhesively, mechanically, or both, to the substrate; an integrally reinforced base coat; and a textured protective finish coat.
Architectural coatings [1] [2] or paints [3] are paints and other coatings used to paint the exteriors and interiors of buildings, often called or external masonry coatings. Clear varnishes and lacquers are generally excluded. [1] Such products are usually designated for specific purposes such as roof coatings, wall paints, or deck finishes. [2]