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>> file means stdout will be appended at the end of file. >>& file means both stdout and stderr will be appended at the end of file. < file means stdin will be read from file. << string is a here document. Stdin will read the following lines up to the one that matches string. Redirecting stderr alone isn't possible without the aid of a sub-shell.
The reason for this is to distinguish between a file named '1' and stdout, i.e. cat file 2 >1 vs cat file 2 > & 1. In the first case, stderr is redirected to a file named ' 1 ' and in the second, stderr is redirected to stdout. Another useful capability is to redirect one standard file handle to another.
Standard input is a stream from which a program reads its input data. The program requests data transfers by use of the read operation. Not all programs require stream input.
JP Software command-line processors provide user-configurable colorization of file and directory names in directory listings based on their file extension and/or attributes through an optionally defined %COLORDIR% environment variable. For the Unix/Linux shells, this is a feature of the ls command and the terminal.
WASHINGTON -- Secret Service agents on Friday officially said goodbye to “Deacon,” the code-name they used for former President Jimmy Carter, who had the longest-serving security detail in the ...
Haha! Dog owners are all too familiar with the sniff inspection, but most inspections don't last more than a few seconds. My Husky mix tends to spend longer sniffing any bags we brought home just ...
CNN asked convicted felons about their struggles, their hopes and how they feel about President-elect Donald Trump, who will return to the White House after being convicted of 34 felony charges.
The “t” in tcsh comes from the “T” in TENEX, an operating system which inspired Ken Greer at Carnegie Mellon University, the author of tcsh, with its command-completion feature. [14] Greer began working on his code to implement Tenex-style file name completion in September 1975, finally merging it into the C shell in December 1981. [7]