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Cause: The cause of dissociative identity disorder is contentious; it is most often considered to be caused either by ongoing childhood trauma that occurs before the ages of six to nine, [9] [10] or as an unintentional product of therapy, fantasy, or other sociogenic factors. [11] Treatment: Long-term psychotherapy to improve the patient's ...
Dissociative identity disorder; Other names: Multiple personality disorder Split personality disorder: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: At least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states, [1] recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia, [1] inexplicable intrusions into consciousness (e.g., voices, intrusive thoughts, impulses, trauma-related beliefs), [1] [2 ...
No definitive cause of tic disorders has been declared, but for the most part, the cause lies within biological, chemical, or environmental factors. Studies have shown that abnormal neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, which are active in chemical messages in the brain, can serve as a cause of tic disorders.
Adult dissociation when combined with a history of child abuse and otherwise interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder has been shown to contribute to disturbances in parenting behavior, such as exposure of young children to violent media. Such behavior may contribute to cycles of familial violence and trauma.
The Multiscale Dissociation Inventory (MDI) is a comprehensive, self-administered, multiscale instrument developed by Paul F. Dell. [1] It is designed to assess the domain of dissociative phenomena. [2] The MDI measures 14 major facets of pathological dissociation and uses 23 scales to diagnose dissociative disorders. [1] [3]
It is classified as a mental and behavioral disorder [3] and is variously categorized as a dissociative disorder, [1] a conversion disorder, [3] or a somatic symptom disorder. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , dissociative fugue is a subset of dissociative amnesia.
The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
Dissociative amnesia or psychogenic amnesia is a dissociative disorder "characterized by retrospectively reported memory gaps. These gaps involve an inability to recall personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature."