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  2. Nihilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihilism

    Nihilism thus defined is therefore not the denial of higher values, or the denial of meaning, but rather the depreciation of life in the name of such higher values or meaning. Deleuze therefore (with, he claims, Nietzsche) says that Christianity and Platonism , and with them the whole of metaphysics, are intrinsically Nihilist.

  3. Problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_evil

    Pointless evil, then, is an evil that does not meet this standard; it is an evil God permitted where there is no outweighing good or greater evil. The existence of such pointless evils would lead to the conclusion there is no benevolent god. [146]: 79 The skeptical theist asserts that humans can't know that such a thing as pointless evil exists ...

  4. Skeptical theism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeptical_theism

    Skeptical theism provides a defense against the evidential argument from evil, but does not take a position on God's actual reason for allowing a particular instance of evil. The defense seeks to show that there are good reasons to believe that God could have justified reasons for allowing a particular evil that we cannot discern. Consequently ...

  5. Necessary evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necessary_evil

    The concept of "necessary evil" is an idea that must be thoroughly rejected. Evil is not necessary, and to accept it as such is to perpetuate it. Evil must be opposed, rejected, and avoided at all costs. It should never be viewed as something that we must unavoidably and inevitably participate in. We trivialize evil when we refer to it as ...

  6. Albatross (metaphor) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albatross_(metaphor)

    Frankenstein was first published in 1818, long before the term was introduced into the Oxford Dictionary. Charles Baudelaire's collection of poems Les Fleurs du mal contains a poem entitled "L'Albatros" (1857) about men on ships who catch the albatrosses for sport. In the final stanza, he goes on to compare the poets to the birds — exiled ...

  7. Existential nihilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_nihilism

    Existential nihilism is the philosophical theory that life has no objective meaning or purpose. [1] The inherent meaninglessness of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of existentialism, where one can potentially create their own subjective "meaning" or "purpose".

  8. Absence of good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absence_of_good

    The absence of good (Latin: privatio boni), also known as the privation theory of evil, [1] is a theological and philosophical doctrine that evil, unlike good, is insubstantial, so that thinking of it as an entity is misleading. Instead, evil is rather the absence, or lack ("privation"), of good.

  9. Wickedness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickedness

    Wicked is an extended form of the term wick meaning bad and is also associated with the Old English term wicca meaning a (male) witch. There is not a corresponding verb to the term, but the term wretched is also associated with the term. The term -ness is a word forming element denoting action, quality or state and is typically added to an ...