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An intensity-duration-frequency curve (IDF curve) is a mathematical function that relates the intensity of an event (e.g. rainfall) with its duration and frequency of occurrence. [1] Frequency is the inverse of the probability of occurrence. These curves are commonly used in hydrology for flood forecasting and civil engineering for urban ...
The degree of randomness or uncertainty in the model may also be estimated using stochastics, [20] or residual analysis. [21] These techniques may be used in the identification of flood dynamics, [22] [23] storm characterization, [24] [25] and groundwater flow in karst systems. [26]
is the flood forecasting model, which can be a physically-based model, a data-driven model or a hybrid model depending on the approach chosen. In many operational systems forecasted precipitation is fed into rainfall-runoff and streamflow routing models to forecast flow rates and water levels for periods ranging from a few hours to days ahead ...
Flood routing is a procedure to determine the time and magnitude of flow (i.e., the flow hydrograph) at a point on a watercourse from known or assumed hydrographs at one or more points upstream. The procedure is specifically known as Flood routing, if the flow is a flood. [14] [15] After Routing, the peak gets attenuated & a time lag is ...
CumFreq uses the plotting position approach to estimate the cumulative frequency of each of the observed magnitudes in a data series of the variable. [2] The computer program allows determination of the best fitting probability distribution. Alternatively it provides the user with the option to select the probability distribution to be fitted.
The HBV hydrology model, or Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning model, is a computer simulation used to analyze river discharge and water pollution. Developed originally for use in Scandinavia , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] this hydrological transport model has also been applied in a large number of catchments on most continents.
To estimate the drainage requirement, the use of a hydrogeological water balance and a groundwater model (e.g. SahysMod [8]) may be instrumental. The water balance can be illustrated using a water balance graph which plots levels of precipitation and evapotranspiration often on a monthly scale.
As can be seen in the curve number equation, runoff cannot begin until the initial abstraction has been met. It is important to note that the curve number methodology is an event-based calculation, and should not be used for a single annual rainfall value, as this will incorrectly miss the effects of antecedent moisture and the necessity of an ...