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A hygrometer is an instrument which measures the humidity of air or some other gas: that is, how much of it is water vapor. [1] Humidity measurement instruments usually rely on measurements of some other quantities such as temperature, pressure, mass, and mechanical or electrical changes in a substance as moisture is absorbed.
Weather stations typically have these following instruments: Thermometer for measuring air and sea surface temperature; Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure; Hygrometer for measuring humidity; Anemometer for measuring wind speed; Pyranometer for measuring solar radiation; Rain gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set period ...
A hygrometer measures the relative humidity at a location, which can then be used to compute the dew point. Radiosondes directly measure most of these quantities, except for wind, which is determined by tracking the radiosonde signal with an antenna or theodolite.
Modern radiosondes measure or calculate the following variables: altitude, pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind (both wind speed and wind direction), cosmic ray readings at high altitude and geographical position (latitude/longitude). Radiosondes measuring ozone concentration are known as ozonesondes. [1]
In the past, a common time measuring instrument was the sundial. Today, the usual measuring instruments for time are clocks and watches. For highly accurate measurement of time an atomic clock is used. Stopwatches are also used to measure time in some sports.
Measuring water leakage in exterior wall with Trotec T660 Moisture Measuring Device, using dielectric measurement method (indicative). Moisture meters are measuring instruments used to measure the percentage of water in a given substance, as physical properties are strongly affected by moisture content and high moisture content for a period of time may progressively degrade a material.
Eventually, the word hygroscope ceased to be used for any such instrument in modern usage, but the word hygroscopic (tending to retain moisture) lived on, and thus also hygroscopy (the ability to do so). Nowadays an instrument for measuring humidity is called a hygrometer (hygro-+ -meter).
A humidistat has the functionality of a switch and is not just a measuring instrument like a hygrometer is. For heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) of buildings, humidistats or humidity sensors are used to sense the air relative humidity in the controlled space and turn on and off the HVAC equipment. [3]